ORDER BY and LIMIT
When working with data, you might want to sort your results or limit how many rows appear. SQL provides two simple tools for this — ORDER BY and LIMIT.
ORDER BY
The ORDER BY clause is used to sort query results by one or more columns, in ascending or descending order.
SELECT title, checkout_date FROM book_checkouts ORDER BY checkout_date DESC;
ASC— ascending order (default): earliest to latestDESC— descending order: newest to oldest
LIMIT
The LIMIT clause controls how many rows are returned in your results.
SELECT title, checkout_date FROM book_checkouts ORDER BY checkout_date DESC LIMIT 3;
This query displays only the three most recent checkouts.
Combining ORDER BY and LIMIT
These two clauses are often combined to answer real questions like:
- Who borrowed the most books?
- What were the last 5 books checked out?
- Show the top 2 most borrowed books.
When do I use ORDER BY and LIMIT?
You can use ORDER BY and LIMIT to:
- View only the top N results
- Sort data for reports or dashboards
- Power features like search ranking or pagination
What does the following query do?
SELECT * FROM library_members ORDER BY number_of_books DESC LIMIT 2;
Returns all members with fewer than 2 books
Returns the top 2 members who have borrowed the most books
Returns only members with overdue books
Deletes 2 members with most books
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