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# Number example
num = 10  # Integer
pi = 3.14

# String example
name = "CodeFriends"  # String
greeting = "Hello, " + name  # String concatenation
print("greeting:", greeting)  # Hello, CodeFriends

# Boolean example
is_active = True  # Boolean
print("is_active:", is_active)  # True

# List example
fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]  # List
print("fruits[0]:", fruits[0])  # Apple

# Dictionary example
person = {"name": "GeekHouse", "age": 30}  # Dictionary
print("person['name']:", person["name"])  # GeekHouse

# Data Types: Representing Different Kinds of Data 

In programming, a `data type` defines the **type of value** a variable can store, such as numbers, text, or logical values.

Examples of data types include numbers, strings, and booleans (True/False).

 

## Key Data Types in Python

The main data types used in Python are as follows:

1. `Integer`: Represents integer values.

```python title="Integer Example"
 5, -3, 42
```

 

2. `Float`: Represents numbers with decimal points.

```python title="Float Example"
3.14, -0.001, 2.0
```

 

3. `String`: Represents text, such as words, sentences, or any sequence of characters.

```python title="String Example"
"Hello, World!"

'Python'

"1234"
```

 

4. `Boolean`: A type of data that can only have the two values: True or False.

```python title="Boolean Example"
True

False
```

 

5. `List`: A sequence that can hold multiple data types, including numbers, strings, and other lists.

```python title="List Example"
[1, 2, 3]

['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']

[True, 42, "Hello"]
```

 

6. `Tuple`: Similar to a list but immutable, meaning its content cannot be changed once created.

```python title="Tuple Example"
(1, 2, 3)

('a', 'b', 'c')

(True, 'Python', 3.14)
```

 

7. `Dictionary`: Stores data as key-value pairs, where each key is unique.

```python title="Dictionary Example"
{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}

{'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
```

 

8. `Set`: A collection of unique items that are unordered and do not allow duplicates.

```python title="Set Example"
{1, 2, 3}

{'apple', 'banana', 'cherry'}
```

 

## Why Are Data Types Important?

- `Accurate Operations`: For instance, numerical types are suitable for mathematical operations and string types for text concatenations.

```python title="Incorrect Data Type Operation Example"
result = "3" + 5 # Attempt to add string "3" and integer 5

print(result) # TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "int") to str
```

- `Improve Code Readability and Reliability`: By clearly specifying data types, the code becomes more understandable, and type errors can be reduced.

Boolean is a data type that can only have two values: True or False. It plays a very important role in conditional statements and logical operations.

### Among the data types used in Python, which one can have a value of True or False?