Conditional Statements (if, elif, else)

Sometimes your program needs to make decisions, just like you do in real life:

• If your score is above 90, you get an A.
• If it's above 80, you get a B.
• Otherwise, you try harder next time.

This is the essence of conditional logic.

Python uses the keywords if, elif, and else to control which parts of your code run.

Here's a simple example:

Copy
score = 85

if score >= 90:
    print("Grade: A")
elif score >= 80:
    print("Grade: B")
else:
    print("Grade: C or below")

• Python checks the first condition: score >= 90. It is false, so that block is skipped.
• Then it checks the next condition: score >= 80. It is true, so it prints Grade: B.
• Once a condition is met, Python does not check the others.
• If none are true, the else block runs.

• Conditions are checked from top to bottom.
• Indentation shows which lines belong to each block.
• You can use multiple elif statements, but only one if and one else.